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Optimal Blood Pressure Goal Needs to Be Individualized

DEAR DR. ROACH: My father is 91 years old, and I am concerned that his elevated blood pressure isn’t being properly addressed. Recently, it seems to run in the mid-170s to mid-80s (176/86). He has a number of health issues, such as a kidney stent every three months, diabetic neuropathy and a transient ischemic attack. He takes metoprolol (25 mg in the morning and evening). I sent a note to his doctor suggesting his blood pressure meds need to be reevaluated, and the doctor’s response was to check his blood pressure several times daily for a month then let him know the average. He said the goal was an average blood pressure below 160/90 more than half the time.

I think a goal of 160 is too high and that four weeks is too long to wait before deciding if his meds need to be adjusted. I would like your opinion. — L.F.

ANSWER: Your father’s doctor may not want to use too many blood pressure medicines and cause symptoms that could affect your father’s quality of life at age 91. On the other hand, a goal of 160/90 is not optimal, especially for someone who has already had a TIA (transient ischemic attack, which is often a predictor of a stroke). I think it’s likely that your father could take medicines that control the blood pressure better but don’t cause much if anything in terms of side effects.

A person with diabetes and high blood pressure, especially one who already has a complication like neuropathy, is at high risk for developing kidney disease from diabetes. ACE inhibitor drugs help reduce that risk as well as reduce the risk of heart attack, so I am very surprised he is not taking one. A beta blocker alone, like metoprolol, is not likely to be effective.

There remains some controversy about the ideal blood pressure goal for a person in your father’s position. One recent study would suggest a goal of 120 is better than the older goal of less than 140. However, the blood pressure goal needs to be individualized. Side effects from blood pressure medications need to be carefully managed and may sometimes keep a person from reaching their goal. Still, blood pressure above 160 is not adequate control.

As far as timing, it’s best to get as much data as possible before making a change in blood pressure medication. Four weeks is usually reasonable, but with your father’s too-high blood pressure, two weeks should be enough time to confirm high blood pressures at home.

DEAR DR. ROACH: Do you think we will get sick from 5G towers? I have read that we will, but also that we won’t. — T.K.

ANSWER: Many studies have been done to look at health risks of radiation from cellphones and towers. After much research, there have been no health risks confirmed.

The main difference between 5G and previous cellphone radiation is the higher frequency of the electromagnetic radiation. Higher frequency may sound scary, but there is less penetration into the body than a lower frequency. This type of energy is non-ionizing and simply doesn’t have the energy to damage DNA.

Dr. Roach regrets that he is unable to answer individual letters, but will incorporate them in the column whenever possible. Readers may email questions to ToYourGoodHealth@med.cornell.edu or send mail to 628 Virginia Dr., Orlando, FL 32803.

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